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Michigan State University Shooting: 3 Dead, 5 Wounded, a Dead Shooter, No Known Motive

"The Rock" on MSU campus, via WNEM, asks hard questions.

Details continue to emerge about the shooting on the Michigan State University campus late Monday night, and it is already shaping up to be the same tired repetitive situation. Laws, no matter how numerous, do not stop anyone from doing anything. Laws allow you to do something about someone who did something you don’t like.

The shooter was,

-Known to police.

-Criminal history (misdemeanor) with firearms, plead down from a felony.

-Courts made accommodations (extended probation) to allow the lower sentence and conviction to be kept in place.

The shooter, 43, had a conviction that likely prohibited him from getting a license to carry a pistol. That conviction came from a more severe initial charge of concealed carrying a pistol without a license, which was dropped for the misdemeanor charge. That conviction would have been a felony, made him a prohibited person entirely, making the act of possessing the gun at all an additional felony level crime, and most relevantly perhaps would have had this man in prison right now on year four of five instead of MSU’s campus. We have yet another instance of someone who, in hindsight, should have been imprisoned for earlier offenses and was not or not kept there to full sentencing. Michigan, like many states, has several activist elements who encourage very light sentencing or no charges in firearm crime cases for equity purposes.

The AG of Michigan, Dana Nessel, stepped back into the fray with this, “Does the East Lansing City Council and Mayor still want me to dismiss this case? Or is it OK for my department to treat gun cases seriously now? Please advise.” In commentary for a Lansing State Journal story discussing the East Lansing City Council and the Mayor urging Nessel to dismiss charges against an armed shop lifter who ended up shot by police.

We cannot future proof any person’s actions, they are free agents and will act as they choose to act, but our system of rules failed to prevent this all because an adult just ignored every prohibition placed in front of him and our justice system feels that enforcing the rules and laws is prejudicial. Then in the next breath they will argue that we need more rules, to apparently not enforce, in order to fix the problems with the current rules.

The shooter broke the following laws,

-Carrying without a license (again), illegal. His second known count of this felony, he likely carried constantly.

-Carrying on the MSU Campus, illegal. MSU, U of M, and Wayne have special rule setting privileges as their boards are state elected. The rules can carry the weight of law.

-Aggravated Assault/Attempted Murder, 5 counts, illegal.

-Murder, 1st Degree, 3 counts, illegal.

Four. Four severe unique legal violations with multiple occurrences. Four egregious breaches of the law. But the narrative will be shifted to ‘protecting the kids’ and ‘this is a uniquely American problem’, away from the governing powers’ total inability to deliver on their promise law, order, and safety. Don’t consider the colossal pile of failure, we have a rule to fix it!

Michigan’s elections swung the state legislature in alignment to the governor’s mansion and this could absolutely be leveraged for several of Whitmer’s stated measures she’d like to see implemented, to no effect on this or any future shooting like this.

Lansing

The Michigan Governor expressed grave concern and her regards for the victims. I in no way believe her to be less than sincere in those condolences or her desire to help the victims, the campus, and reduce crime in the state. But she also has agenda goals and this gives her an opportunity.

Governor Whitmer is smarter, or perhaps simply more aware of the realities of the state, than her east and west coast peers. She isn’t chasing things like an Assault Weapon Ban, she’ll let her peers in legislature rant and rave about it but her goals center on UBC’s and ERPOs. Background checks and red flag laws.

The UBC is a real possibility in Michigan for a number of reasons. Foremost among them is that we nearly have it already. Handguns, the most popular firearm category, are already required to be background checked for any transfer. This would only add long guns to the list of firearms requiring a NICS or LE initiated background check. It is arguably not that much of a change. More challenging but still viable is a variation on Extreme Risk Protection Orders, which are pre-judicial (and in ways prejudicial) orders that violate the rights of an accused individual to their property and constitutional protections because they are deemed too great a risk to themselves or others. Not so much a risk as to warrant actually being placed into a custody status of some sort, either institutionalized or arrested depending upon circumstance.

It is this weird middle ground that gets more absurd the longer you consider it.

‘You are dangerous, you might hurt yourself or someone else. We are taking your guns.’

‘Ok, how about kitchen knives and other sharps? My car? Access to toxins like bleach? Fire?’

‘No, you might need those.’

‘Fair, might need the gun too.’

‘Too risky.’

‘Okay, why am I not under arrest or on the way to a hospital if I’m this dangerous?’

‘That would be a violation of your rights.’

‘How about a house arrest or supervision?’

‘Violation of your rights and too manpower intensive.’

‘Which is why there are facilities both medical and criminal you could send me too, since there is apparently enough evidence I’m dangerous.’

‘Nope, violates your rights. You can voluntarily check in to somewhere if you want.’

‘Doesn’t taking my lawfully owned firearms without any criminal conviction or severe mental health diagnosis and institutionalization violate my rights?’

‘No, this is for your and others safety.’

‘So would those other actions and they’d probably benefit everyone more since people are actively involved in positions to help me or prevent me as the case may be.’

‘Nope, violates your rights.’

‘So we’re just okay violating my gun rights…’

‘Now you get it.’

What would a new law prevent.

As usual, nothing.

The MSU shooter used a handgun. So background checks failed to stop the shooter, prohibition on carry without a license failed to stop the shooter, and prohibition of carry on MSU campus failed to stop the shooter. What additional rule do we theorize would get the shooter to follow the rest of the rules, especially since we also didn’t prosecute him for breaking an allegedly serious rule about guns in 2019?

This is the conundrum the gun control crowd cannot be pressed into critically thinking through and reaching hard solutions, instead they want to wish murder out of existence by pretending that making it a pain to buy or own a gun, something that is literally a civil human right, is the same as making it less likely the violent segments of the population who will commit a heinous crime won’t. It really is that convoluted a logic chain.

The Democrat solution out of Lansing to a man violating the ever living hell out of Michigan’s concealed carry statutes is make people do background checks for rifles if they buy them privately. We can expect about the same level of compliance as with handguns, which is already the law, which is to say some compliance from the lowest risk groups in the Michigan citizenry.

You can say less guns = less crime in your pre-K level of understanding of how crime works, but the rest of us need to live in the real world where crime is a complex social and financial equation of objective and subjective ‘win’ states, where the goal is whatever the prospective criminal sets it as and society’s laws against the act are just a list of things that the criminals aren’t going to do today. Based on our history, the law isn’t even a thing we will hold a criminal accountable for if they break it if there is a reason we can find that it would make the state look bad. Add onto that any reasonably accurate list of state abuses and confidence in Lansing to ‘get it right’ shouldn’t be high.

The shooter self-deleted, we don’t even get to exercise what justice could be had from an arrest, trial, and conviction. That was something we should evidently have done already with this person, but we (the courts) opted to give the man a very light and non-prohibitive sentence from the felony violation in 2019. The evidence at the time may even have warranted the lighter charge and sentence, as we couldn’t predict that instead of keeping him in prison for the five year sentence for that crime (of which we would be in year four) we instead had a triple homicide and 5 attempted homicides on one of our largest college campuses.

Solutions?

I’m having this conversation with a friend as I write this and I’ll say the same thing here I said to them. This doesn’t go away because Lansing says that the bad thing is extra bad, especially with our nation wide problem of enforcement. This gets solved when we, as a multi-cultural society of enormous size, are at a place where violence doesn’t make sense as a currency. I don’t mean in a moral sense because that doesn’t apply to everyone the same way, I mean in an objective amoral sense.

Whether you believe killing could be beneficial if some sort of way under certain select circumstances (the majority of society actually, just the circumstance vary) or if it is literally anathema to your core being, that because of where society is on a macro and personal level there is no gain in killing regardless of your personal stance is where we need to be. That there is nothing to gain objectively or subjectively in being violent.

Sounds hard?

Good.

Because it is.

Killing has had a subjective and objective value throughout the entirety of human history. That doesn’t mean it was right, it means there was a gain from violence. We have to keep devaluing the gains. We do that by making those end goals accessible in other and easier ways.

That. Is. Hard.

But that’s where we need to focus our energies.

We won’t though… let’s talk about background checks people will ignore some more.

Burris Introduces Next-Gen Rifle Scope: The Veracity PH

Burris Optics, a leading manufacturer of hunting optics, has introduced a new rifle scope they say aims to revolutionize the industry. As they tell it, the Veracity PH 4-20x50mm is packed with cutting-edge features such as the Programmable Elevation Knob (PEK) system, high-quality optics, and other high-tech goodies. Get ready for a detailed look at the impressive features of the Burris Veracity PH 4-20x50mm.

Let’s see what Burris had to say in the rest of the release.

The Burris Optics: Veracity PH 4-20x50mm

Burris Optics, known for pushing optics forward with products like the Eliminator Riflescope and Oracle Bowsight, has introduced a revolutionary rifle optic, the new Veracity PH 4-20x50mm. 

Featuring the new PEK (Programable Elevation Knob) system, premium optical clarity, a built-in Heads-Up Display (HUD), and Bluetooth connectivity for uploading custom ballistic data from the new BurrisConnect Mobile App, the Veracity PH takes hunter confidence and performance to the highest level.

Burris Optics Veracity

The most precise hunting optic ever produced by Burris, the Veracity PH 4-20x50mm introduces features that redefine what is possible in a riflescope. In addition, it sets a new standard for confident point-of-aim/point-of-impact performance at extended distances.

These features build on years of research and development to “do the math” for the shooter and achieve precise shot placement easily and efficiently. It provides an accurate dialing solution extremely fast, eliminating time lost to hesitantly fumbling with dope cards and data sheets. Instead, it allows hunters to apply valuable time to focus on getting clean, controlled shots on unpredictable targets.

Veracity PH App

This complex-to-simple performance centers on the Veracity PH’s PEK (pronounced “peak”) system and a robust yet easy-to-assess heads-up display showing the exact dialed distance, wind hold, rifle cant, and battery level. Coupled with user-configurable and uploadable ballistic data via Bluetooth connectivity through the BurrisConnect App, hunters can be assured of precise aiming.

A digital position sensor in the scope’s clickless elevation turret achieves 1/10 MOA equivalent adjustability for near exact dial-in to distance in yards or meters—unprecedented precision in today’s conventional scope technology. Additional ¼ MOA laser markings on the elevation turret provide redundancy for peace of mind on any hunt allowing the shooter to still dial to distance and complete their no matter the circumstances. Simply range the target using any rangefinder, dial to the distance in Yards or Meters displayed on the scope HUD, and fire.

The Veracity PH utilizes stand-alone programming in a fail-proof platform, and Wi-Fi or cell service is not needed to use the BurrisConnect App after it has been downloaded. Bluetooth connectivity between the mobile device and scope is required only when uploading ballistics or changing scope settings, making this a proper “set-and-forget” system. With this app-to-scope integration, shooters can create customized ballistic profiles for multiple bullet weights, rifles, and shooting locations and easily upload the desired profile whenever needed.

Boasting a 5x zoom system and high-performance glass with exceptional brightness and clarity, the Veracity PH is built around the award-winning Veracity 4-20x50mm, covering the needs of hunters engaging game close-up or far away in all lighting conditions. The Wind MOA FFP reticle is a front focal plane design, making hold-off and hold-over compensation accurate at any magnification. Side focus/parallax adjustment ensures the target image matches the reticle focal point from 50 yards to infinity, thereby eliminating parallax error on extended-range shots. Both windage and elevation turrets feature zero turn-stop adjustment, so shooters never lose zero.

Burris Optics on horseback

Burris set out to provide hunters with a class-leading rifle scope that bridges the gap between today’s advanced ammunition and firearm technology. It’s a solution for shooters of all experience levels seeking a fast, reliable, and uncomplicated aiming solution for any hunting scenario.

With its easy-to-use operation, intuitive data presentation, and ability to work with custom ballistic profiles, the new Burris Veracity PH 4-20x50mm can maximize every hunter’s potential for success in the field.

Burris Veracity

Burris Veracity PH 4-20x50mm Specifications

  • Item Number: 200200
  • Magnification: 4-20x50mm
  • Objective Lens Diameter: 50mm
  • Tube Diameter: 30mm
  • Field of View (Low to High @ 100 yards): 26 – 5.5 ft.
  • Eye relief (in.): 3.5 – 4.25
  • Exit Pupils – Low / High (mm): 12 – 2.5
  • Diopter Setting: +2 to -3
  • Reticle Plane: Front
  • Display Plane: Rear
  • Reticle: Wind MOA FFP
  • Display Illumination: Rotary Dial, 5 illumination settings
  • Battery: CR 2450 x2
  • Length (in.): 15
  • Weight (oz.): 27.2
  • Elevation Turret Marking Graduations: ¼ MOA
  • Elevation Turret Digital Resolution: 1/10 MOA
  • Total Elevation Adjustment Range*: 66 MOA
  • Elevation Turret Travel Limit**: 33.8 MOA
  • Windage Turret Graduations (Clicks): ¼ MOA
  • Total Windage Adjustment Range*: 37 MOA
  • Windage Turret Travel Limit**: 24 MOA
  • Parallax Focus: Side Focus
  • Parallax/Focus Range: 50 Yd. to Infinity
  • Operating Temperature: -20° to +140° F
  • MSRP: $1,200

* Example: 50 MOA total adjustment range equates to roughly 25 MOA in either direction from center.

** Rotation-limited dial (12 MOA left or right from zero position)

** Utilize Gun University Scope Mounting Primer to set up your glass.

For a complete overview of the Veracity PH 4-20x50mm rifle scope, including an unboxing video and tutorial videos, check out BurrisOptics.com.

NEW: 21st-Tec Announces Bellator™ Rifle System

It has been a time of bolt gun resurgence. Between PRS, NRL, the MK22, and strong offerings from many companies expanding their product base, the precision rifles are in a good place. Optics keep getting better too, making the sport of distance shooting more fun and more accessible.

Into this space, a new rifle system is being uncased!

From 21st-Tec,

Dallas, GA: 21st-Tec announces their patent pending Bellator™ Rifle System. The new Bellator™ rifle system is a Multi-Caliber Modular Bolt Action Repeater Rifle designed for precision sub-MOA long range accuracy in 338 Lapua Magnum, 300 Norma Magnum, .308 and 6.5 Creedmoor calibers. The new modular system is designed for long range shooting enthusiasts, competitive shooters, police and military applications.

Bellator™ is designed with the modularity of the AR platform. It uses drop in AR trigger, selector, take-down pin, grip and magazine release. It has a user changeable barrel system, bolt and magazine well. The bolt is designed with a forward located left hand handle and right hand eject. To convert from 338 Lapua Mag to 300 Norma Mag is simply done by changing out the barrel. These 2 calibers use same bolt and 10 rd box magazine. Conversion from 338 Lapua Mag size to .308 size is done by changing out the barrel, bolt and magazine well. When converted to .308/6.5Creedmoor it uses standard AR10 metal or Magpul Pmags. Rifle comes with a folding fully adjustable stock or non-folding fully adjustable Magpul PRS stock.

Available in Hard Coat Anodized Black or FDE finish, all versions come in custom cut high density foam hard-case with wheels. Button rifled barrels are made from 416SS and come in the following lengths: 338 Lapua Mag and .308 in 24” length, 300 Norma Mag and 6.5 Creedmoor in 26” length. MSRP: $5000 for non-folding stock and $5600 for folding stock models.

Rifles are in full production at the time of this announcement and in-stock ready to ship.

About 21st-Tec

21st-Tec has been designing and manufacturing patented weapon systems for other companies for 20 years in US commercial market and export contracts. 21st-Tec uses only US raw material to manufacture our rifles in our modern CNC factory. All our products are 100% made in the USA. At 21st-Tec we have a passion for designing new products with outside the box thinking.

Learn more at: 21st-tec.com

Dealer/Distributor inquiries email: sales@21st-tec.comInternational inquiries email: export@21st-tec.com

Interested? Click below.

Which Plane is Your Plane? LPVOs w/ 9-Hole

I’ve talked about this topic before, but it doesn’t hurt to reiterate an often asked question so that it is fresh in the minds. Josh and Henry, in this case narrated by Josh, have an excellent and fairly short video about the focal planes of LPVOs

LPVOs are getting better and more affordable. They are coming into their own golden technology era, joining 9mm’s and 5.56 carbines.

Primary Arms has pre-orders open for their NOVA Fiber Wire model and it if to proves to be as durable as their other recent offerings it will set a new benchmark for LPVO accessibility. Competing optics are two to three times the cost, and come with some features for it, but dollars to spend still need to be available to be spent, and $2,000+ is a lot to ask someone getting into the optics for the first time.

But, back to the video.

Josh breaks down, using their excellent footage of several of their optics, the differences and the use cases for FFP and SFP optics. SFP remain simpler, a little clearer, and brighter options while the FFP remain the choice for precision.

That becomes the crux of the argument, as I wrote too. Are you building a semi-precision platform that can flex into a reflexive CQB type or are you using a built for speed fighting/competitive type rifle that lives fairly close in that you want to have the ability to see and reach on the rare occasions it needs to?

Here is a little more to muddy the waters, you probably won’t have a bad optic if you pick “wrong” for the role either. They overlap very nicely.

But here is what I’ll add, and the video does too, with FFP selections reticle is everything. With SFP selections, its illumination. Those are you primary features in each category. Does your front focal plane reticle do what you need it to and give you the information you’re asking? Does it allow you to more effectively make those small target or distant hits by providing you quickly with the offsets and holds? Does your second focal plane optic give you the crisp bright aiming point you are asking it too? Does it give you that reflexive response you need it to and quickly dial to max for the on demand longer shot?

When it doubt, get a SFP. Second focal plane will almost certainly do right by your use case, probably save you a little money, and the number of quality offerings from Steiner, Meopta, Primary Arms, Vortex, and more keep increasing for under $1k buy in, even with a decent mount. Then once your thoroughly addicted to the wonders of variable carbine optics, go nuts and get that top tier.

Review: IWI Masada Slim

The Masada S (Slim) is a well made handgun with much to recommend.

Israel is among the most heavily fortified nations. Some governments keep their citizens enslaved, disarmed, and marginalized. The UK is one such nation, and in America many have this goal but it is not yet met save in a few enclaves. Israel has a well armed and free population. Israel Weapon Industries offers good quality firearms including the Jericho, Galil and Tavor.  IWI moved into the striker fired polymer frame handgun market a few years ago with the Masada. The Masada is a full size 9mm service pistol. More recently IWI introduced a slim line version of the pistol. This handgun is more compact than the original, skipping the compact designation and earning the popular sub compact designation.  

At barely 20 ounces and a with shortened slide, barrel, and grip the slim 9mm is a dedicated concealed carry pistol. All small pistols are a compromise in some shape or form the Masada Slim 9mm offers good performance. The pistol is supplied in a lockable box with two magazines a gun lock and a tool for changing the optics mounting plate. Initial examination shows a pistol that is competently finished with no blemish or tool marks visible. The pistol features a serialized removable trigger assembly. The modular construction is similar to the SIG P320 or Beretta APX. This isn’t that great an advantage as IWI doesn’t yet offer grip modules frames or slides for the Masada. As for quality the IWI company may not have name recognition like SIG or Ruger but those familiar with IWI have great respect for the company. IWI works closely with IMI (Israeli Military Industries) and the Israeli Defense Force. There isn’t room for compromise and unreliable firearms in these application. The main feature of the pistol that gets the most attention is the grip frame. Surprisingly thin the grip features a good balance of adhesion and abrasion. The grip isn’t so grippy that it will snag on clothing but offers plenty of purchase during speed drills. The pistol proved to be fast from the holster and fast on target.


The Masada Slim’s controls including the slide lock, magazine lock and blade type safety set in the trigger face all function properly. The trigger action is crips with a sharp reset. The RCBS trigger pull weight gauge measured a consistent 4.6 pounds with no more than .2 ounce deviation in four pulls. The metal magazines are well constructed and did not need a magazine loader to load to full capacity. The tapered shape of the magazines and wide magazine well make for rapid magazine changes. The take down procedure isn’t a favorite but works well enough. Be certain to study the location and orientation of the take down pin before you field strip the piece.  Remove the magazine, lock the slide to the rear and be certain the chamber is empty. Press the take down button forward exposing the take down pin. Remove this pin and allow the slide to run forward. The recoil spring assembly and barrel are easily removed. Not the design of the dual recoil spring assembly. This spring within a spring seems to aid in controlling recoil.  Other features I like are the forward cocking serrations and well designed combat sights. The rear sight is a U notch and the front a post.

The pistol was fired without lubrication straight out of the box. Handling is good. The grip is ideally sized for concealment but allows a good grip when firing, more so than a Glock 43X and similar to the SIG P365XL. The pistol’s heft and balance are good. A good natural point allows a trained shooter to get hits quickly and efficiently. Most of the ammunition expended was FMJ type but a number of JHP loads were also tested. Once I decided this would find its way into my carry gun cache I proofed with Federal 124 grain HST, one of my favorite carry loads. The pistol has performed well without any failures to feed, chamber, fire or eject.

Accuracy testing

LoadVelocity 5 shot group 15 yards
Federal 124 grain HST1100 fps2.2 in.
Federal 124 grain Hydra Shock1090 fps2.3 in.
Federal American Eagle 124 gr. 1122 fps2.5 in.

This pistol will not replace the full size Masada or a Glock 19X, but it is a good pistol of the size. I cannot say this is the best 9mm pistol in the sub compact field but the Masada Slim 9mm is a good pistol and perhaps the best buy in its class. Average retail seems to run between four hundred and four hundred fifty dollars.

ModelM9SLIM10, M9SLIM13
Caliber9mm Parabellum
ActionSemi-auto
Operating SystemStriker Fired
Magazine TypeIWI, Steel
Magazine Capacity13 Round, 10 Round
Barrel MaterialStainless Steel
Barrel Length3.4″
Weight1.27 Lbs without magazine, 1.4 Lbs with magazine
Rifling1:10 RH
Sights3 Dot
MSRP$450

Rainer Arms Launches Urban Combat Rifle – the RUC DI

Rainier Arms describes their RUC Rifle DI as the “…next step in our efforts to bring the highest quality rifles to the market…while offering the best value as well.”

The RUC is a complete AR 15 built around the recently improved Rainier Arms Select barrel. It uses the Rainier Urban Combat Rail (UCR) for accessories and utilizes numerous other superb components.

RUC Rifle ejection port side

Take a look at this setup.

Rainier Arms Urban Combat Rail (UCR)

The RUC DI Rifle utilizes the RA Urban Combat Rail to provide shooters with a rock-solid handguard that can take any abuse thrown at it.

RUC DI Urban Combat Rail

The UCR MLOK slots are positioned at the 3, 6 & 9 o’clock positions for adding user-defined rail sections. There are also anti-rotation QD sockets at the 3 o’clock & 9 o’clock positions. Other features include:

  • CNC machined 6000 Aluminum
  • Hard Coat Anodized Milspec Type III/Class 2
  • 7075 Aluminum Barrel Nut
  • Patent Pending 17-4PH Cored Stainless Steel Rail Mounting Hardware
  • Anti-rotation tabs to easily align the rail to upper receiver
  • *No Barrel nut shims are required for installation if you decide to switch things out
  • 1.315″ Interior Diameter

FHAV2 Flash Hider

Rated 5 stars out of 5 stars by Rainier Arms customers, this is definitely, as one reviewer put it, a “bad azz flash hider.” The only downside to this muzzle device is how hard it is to keep them in stock.

DI RUC FHV2 Flash Hider

FHAV2 Specs

  • 303 Stainless with Black Nitride finish
  • 1/2-28 thread & 1/2-36 thread pitches
  • 2.26 length, .89 Diameter, 1.76 oz.

Rainier Arms Select Barrel

RA designed these as an affordable alternative to their match-grade barrels. They’re so confident about the quality they offer a 100% money-back guarantee within 90 days of purchase.

RA Select Barrel

Barrel Specs

  • Stainless Steel Match Grade Blank
  • Twist: 1:7 | Thread Pitch: 1/2 x 28
  • .750 Gas Block Seat
  • Polyganol 5-groove rifling
  • M4 Feed Ramps
  • Proprietary Contour
  • Nitride Finish

Avalanche ANC Charging Handle

A patented ambidextrous design, the Avalanche’s interchangeable handles offer an individualized look and feel. Made for fast and fluid operation, the Avalanche is built in Rainier’s own facility in Wichita, Kansas.

Avalanche ANC Charging Handle

Avalanche features:

  • 15% increase in wall thickness
  • Reduced vent holes to minimize flex and improve rigidity
  • Latch angles redesigned for improved locking and charging
  • 7075 T6 Aluminum
  • Weight 1.34 oz

RUC DI Rifle Full Specs

Upper Receiver:

  • RA Select 5.56 Barrel – 16 in.
  • RA Forged Upper Receiver
  • RA Urban Combat Rail – 15 in.
  • RA Precision Bolt Carrier Group
  • RA “Avalanche” Charging Handle
  • RA Low Profile .750 Gas Block
  • RA FHV2 Flash Hider

Lower Receiver:

  • RA Forged Lower Receiver
  • RA Modified Trigger Guard
  • B5 Systems QD End Plate
  • H1 Buffer – 3.9 oz
  • Carbine Buffer Spring
  • ALG Defense Quality Trigger
  • B5 Systems Bravo Stock
  • B5 Systems Type 23 Pistol Grip
RUC Rifle ejection port side

NJ vs Bruen: Legal Whack-a-Mole

NJ vs Bruen
Photo Credit: Wikipedia user Lowlova
As reported in The Reload, the ongoing NJ vs Bruen saga has begun to resemble an argument between a teenager and their parents, establishing hard boundaries for the first time. Not alone in its protestations, CA, NY, HI, OR, WA, and others have also attempted to get around the SCOTUS ruling they clearly don’t like, with legislation and ballot measures both. For some inscrutable reason though, the court system seems to keep siding with the Supreme Court. As we enter the second year of NJ vs Bruen, the state and its cohort of anti-rights compatriats keep running headlong into Bruen like Wile E. Coyote into a painted cliff face, seemingly expecting different results each time.

While it is certainly an interesting spectacle to watch, it’s also generally concerning. The fact that so many Governors, Attorney’s General, and legislators seem to think that a ruling from the highest court in the land, interpreting the most powerful legal document in the country, is something they can simply “end around”. SCOTUS rulings are not a technical issue or strong suggestion to be hurdled or avoided. Until such time as it is overturned, Bruen is the law of the land, and in the NJ vs Bruen fight, I know where I’m placing my bets.

It would even be amusing to watch –like the previously mentioned cartoon– were it not for the volumes of taxpayer money that each of these states is hemorrhaging to write, lobby for, pass, and now defend these doomed-from-the-start laws in state and federal court. They are wasting all the money defending, if you missed it, against the Supreme Court. It would be one thing if they were arguing broad strokes, but instead they are currently mired in minutiae about how broadly and poorly they can define “sensitive areas” where the concealed carry permits they are now forced to issue are moot.

It may take years for this all to shake out, across so many states, affecting so many people who just want to enjoy all of their enumerated rights in peace. All of this time and money is wasted in a petulant attempt to pretend that the Second Amendment doesn’t apply to their citizens because, well, “guns bad”. As CA, HI, NY and other following in these footsteps are all watching each other’s cases for clues as to what might happen, NJ vs Bruen gives a glimpse into the future, and for them at least, it’s not bright.

Defender Tactical Makes Adding Rails To Your Shotgun Easy

As a shotgun nerd, a little company called Defender Tactical has popped up on my radar. The first product that grabbed my attention was a shell adapter that allowed you to use any shell from three to 1.75 inches in your Mossberg shotgun. This allowed guys like me with a standard 590A1 to have the S variant without buying an entirely new shotgun. As I explored their website, I was greeted with buckets of scattergun love.

They make a ton of stuff, and you’ll likely see more of it here in the coming weeks. Today we are talking about the Defender Tactical Shotgun rail kits. These simple, affordable devices make it easy to add a rail system to your shotgun. Obviously, it’s not universal, but they produce this unique rail design for the Mossberg 590, 500, Maverick 88, and Remington 870.

 

 

Most of the time, any hope for rails comes from the handguard. With Defender Tactical, they place the rail at the end of the magazine tube. The system is very easy to use and install, and it is about 50 bucks depending on the option you choose.

Who Is Defender Tactical

Before we dive too deep into the rail systems, let’s talk about Defender Tactical. They exemplify mom-and-pop shops. Actually, it’s dad and son, and that’s it. I spoke with Wesley Sarratt, the dad of the dad and son team, a few times. He’s a great guy who walked me through his catalog and products and was always willing to answer questions.

They seem to be total shotgun nuts and are coming with a ton of innovative products to help fix some of the issues scatterguns have. The Mossberg and Remington guns are old designs. They are baby boomers at this point. While still great, it’s nice to see some perceived flaws and adaptions to bring them to the modern age.

The Rail Systems

There are a few different rail systems available. The Mossberg 590 and 500 designs are a different and not interchangeable due to how much the magazine cap differs from the 590 to the 500. The design of the 590 allows for easier installation, and the is both a tri and dual-rail system for the 590.

The Mossberg 500 offers a double rail system. The design of the 870’s barrel and mag tube makes the typical Defender Tactical design impossible. A +1 extension is required, and Defender Tactical sells bundles to make that happen. These are short rails, each offering you three slots. They are certainly large enough to mount most long gun lights too.

Installing the Defender Tactical Rail

I have the Mossberg 590 variant on hand, and installation varies depending on the model of the gun. For the 590, it was quite simple. Remove the included sling swivel. Place the provided cap and rail over the existing magazine cap. Now use the included longer-than-average sling swivel to attach the cap and rails to your gun.

As with anything that threads in place, I do recommend getting a little blue thread locker in place to ensure it doesn’t move. That’s all there is to it, and now I have two or three rail sections for whatever goodies I like.

Accessorizing

The rails are so close to the barrel I can attach a light without worrying about any barrel shadow. Attaching them to your pump can create a ton of barrel shadow and eliminate some of the effects of a white light. If you are like me and use a dedicated pump for your light, these rails can attach a MantisX for dry fire practice, a small IR laser for passive aiming, a sling swivel, or whatever else you could ever want.

The Defender Tactical rails are placed away from the shooter and out of the way of the action. They don’t get in the way and are easy to ignore. They are cheap but well made. They are made from 6061 aluminum, and of the two samples I have, the rails are completely in spec. These are a simple but useful addition to any shotgun.

Gunday Brunch 87: Important Gun Things!

In this episode, Caleb is at the Great American Outdoor Show, so Keith and Jack are talking about Important Gun Stuff! Truthfully, Caleb writes these episode descriptions and he’s exhausted sitting in an airport lounge right now and frankly didn’t listen to the episode so he has no idea what happened. It be like that sometimes.

Gun Control Failure: Inevitable

Violent Crime rate in US illustrates gun control failure
Photo Credit: Brightworkresearch.com
https://twitter.com/GunOwners/status/1618009048716312580

Gun control failure is an inevitable part of life, as it would be under any other prohibitionist scheme. If you type “Sweden grenade attack” into a search engine, you will get a stark picture of what a world where handguns are just as punitively barred from import as RPG rockets looks like. After all, if you’re going to get the same amount of jail time for a .22 as you are for a frag grenade, why not go for the gusto? Like any prohibition scheme restricting import, production, sale, ownership and use of something that is still desired by a significant portion of the populace, there will be criminals who get around it, and make an excellent living doing so selling to that now black market.

So when California –the shining city on a hill of anti-gun lobbyists– experiences a series of deadly gun violence incidents, it garners some criticism for the regimes that have been put in place there were promised to eliminate the possibility of such things. Indeed, the favored gore scoreboard of the left, The Gun Violence Archive’s Mass Shooting Tracker claims that since Jan 6, there have been 9 “mass shootings” in the state. Californians were promised that they were giving up their freedom to keep and bear arms for the safety that would come with a dearth of weaponry, which of course has clearly resulted only in more inevitable gun control failure.

Instead of recognizing this, California blames the states around it with looser regulations. Instead of acknowledging that, as the war on drugs is winding down, they are ramping up a war on guns to replace it, they double down on authority and restriction that is doomed to failure. After all, if gun control dictated per capita violent crime rates, California wouldn’t rank higher than Mississippi.

Negative Outcomes From Poor Concealment

You’ll routinely hear people talk about the fact that “people are so oblivious and in their own world that they’ll never notice if I’m [printing/dressed funny/etc]”. That is, as my 5th grade English teacher Mr. Macey used to say, “a good wrong answer”. It is technically correct (the best kind of correct). That being said, the oblivious masses are a complete non issue, they’re not the reason most of us choose to carry a firearm anyway. So whether or not they take notice is completely irrelevant, at least for me.

You know who looks to see if people are carrying guns? Other people that carry guns; regardless of which side of the law they’re on. It’s the expression “game recognizes game”. And it makes sense. We as gun carriers know the “tells” of what to look for, so it’s more obvious. The mistake we make is assuming that everyone thinks like us, or has our same intentions. If you happen to clock somebody out in public that you can tell is armed, the first thought through your head is likely wondering what kind of gun they’re carrying, and the best way to engage them in conversation, since you clearly have common ground. This is because you’re presumably a (at least semi) well adjusted, productive member of society who doesn’t prey on others.

But let’s take that same scenario, and dig into the what and why. The only reason you would think to approach that stranger and engage them in conversation is that they’ve already communicated information about themselves. Based on that information, you’ve now formulated some assumptions that would allow you to approach this person in a socially acceptable manner.

Well here’s the trick: there’s no password on visual information, that signal is broadcast out into the world indiscriminately to be picked up by anyone that’s tuned in. Like ham radio. So what makes you think that the professional predator isn’t going to exploit that information to their advantage. Sure they may steer clear if they’re just some 2-bit crook, but if they’re a professional felon all you are to them is a battlefield pickup.

Doesn’t happen you say? There are plenty of instances readily available of people, both law enforcement and private citizens, being relieved of their firearms by motivated attackers. Here’s the thing, it’s not just threats that we have to worry about tipping off.

What do I mean by that. Well, we carry a gun to protect and preserve the life, health, and well-being of those that we love. Specifically we carry the firearm to repel physical attempts to deny us those things. Isn’t it safe to say that a similarly life altering event would be sudden denial of income? It’s certainly not as bad as death, but it can have a significant impact all the same.

Example 1: The subject in question attracted attention from a co-worker, simply because of the pull-the-dot soft loop on his belt. Luckily, in this instance, the co-worker was friendly, and simply informed Subject 1 that it wasn’t as subtle as they had thought, and to be more careful since that workplace was a non-permissive environment (NPE)

Example 2: A man was dropping his kids off, and was walking them from a satellite parking lot to the front entrance of the school. As he approached the front of the school, the uniformed officer noticed his carry gun under his shirt, and confronted the man. Both parties were polite, but the officer took him away from the entrance, disarmed him, and reported it to the school. The school decided to trespass the man, and he was no longer allowed on school grounds and prohibited from attending any school functions.

Example 3: The subject is working in a business professional environment, who in this case opts to size up his trousers so he could carry IWB. Walking past the office manager’s office without his jacket on, she made a comment that it looked as though he had lost weight. Subject 3 was confused, and asked what precipitated the comment. She responded that his trousers were bunched in the back, and she thought that was the reason why.

  • The point is that, at least for most of us, we conceal a firearm because we put some value in the element of surprise. Matt Landfair of Primary & Secondary equates it to playing poker with your cards facing out. Sure you may still win, but at that point a positive outcome has less to do with your ability and more to do with luck. Why not give yourself every advantage?
  • Now there’s folks out there who will take the approach of “I’ll wear whatever I want”, and they are certainly well within their rights to do so. What some fail to realize is that uniforms exist and are prevalent, even outside of the conventional arenas. Every tribe, every social group, every collective has a uniform. Some are subtle, some not so much.

The fact is that, as mentioned earlier, your clothes say something about you, regardless of what those clothes are. The question is whether or not you are controlling that message. I’ll be touching on “uniforms” in more detail in a subsequent article.

“In wake of Supreme Court Second Amendment decision, uncertainty plagues gun laws new and old”

-Caligula. But likely being quoted at FPC HQ right now as they smash gun law after gun law that was only sustained through political allegiance.

CBS News has noticed the positive momentum the 2nd Amendment has in the wake of Bruen, and they low-key hate and fear the freedom ringing.

Washington — Less than a year after the Supreme Court issued its major decision expanding gun rights, the new legal test laid out by Justice Clarence Thomas in his majority opinion has reshaped the legal landscape for firearms laws and led to uncertainty over whether measures that aim to curb gun violence can survive legal scrutiny.

Because most of them can’t.

Plain and simple, the majority of gun laws on the books don’t actually do anything other than interfere with the natural right of a person to arm themselves in their own defense and allow politicians to pat themselves on the back and collect campaign dollars for ‘doing something’ against gun violence unlike their [opponent of the moment] who loves murder.

That’s the narrative. That’s the formula on repeat, over, and over, and over again. Vote for me, I’ll solve it. The other moron will make it worse, and probably likes it because they’re [implied racisms and bigotries] and [shill for the tiny amount of political dollars coming from the firearm lobbies].

It’s more predictable than a script on the CW and only a fraction as entertaining.

The laws — those recently enacted in the states, as well as longstanding federal restrictions with broad support — are being tested in courtrooms from coast to coast, where judges are tasked with evaluating whether they are “consistent with the nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation.”

They love pulling that historical tradition line out of Thomas‘ directions and ignoring the rest. We know that for a long time now the 2nd Amendment infringements in states like California, Hawaii, New York, and Illinois have only held out of a combination of political loyalty and an unwillingness to upset an equilibrium. Regional courts would generally sustain regional firearm laws, unless they were so egregious it was entirely indefensible, because if it got appealed above them it was no longer their problem. A circuit court doesn’t care if they issue a ruling, it goes to SCOTUS, and then SCOTUS changes it. They did their jobs. So for the divisive topic of guns, letting local rules stand and be defended by their state AGs was just passing the case down the line until one side or the other got tired or SCOTUS decided. Circuit court justices would never have to account for an anti-2A decision because they didn’t make the law and they weren’t the final decision on the law, they were just a stop on the way to that decision.

All that to say what I said above, the middle courts had very little to lose in siding with states on gun laws in most cases and they wouldn’t be the one to upset state AGs and legislatures and come under fire for it.

But that has changed and it started before Bruen, Bruen perhaps is its penultimate expression.

“We’re seeing a lot of action and a lot of unpredictability when it comes to the Second Amendment after Bruen,” said Joseph Blocher, co-director of Duke University’s Center for Firearms Law. “It’s happening in a bunch of different directions, and the source of the change is the new methodology that the Supreme Court announced in the Bruen case because it instructs courts to evaluate the constitutionality of laws based solely on whether they are in some ill-defined sense consistent with historical tradition.” 

You see though, that’s where people like Blocher trip up. There isn’t anything ill-defined about the tradition of arms in this country, what shifted is who were considered ‘the people’ who could bare them and most early gun control efforts were in prevention of letting ‘those people‘ bear arms.

“We hold that when the Second Amendment’s plain text covers an individual’s conduct, the Constitution presumptively protects that conduct,” Thomas wrote. “To justify its regulation, the government may not simply posit that the regulation promotes an important interest. Rather, the government must demonstrate that the regulation is consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation. “

In plain English, laws that merely exist as feel good measures and sounds good on paper restrictions can no longer simply be sustained by arguing a ‘state interest’ or ‘general public welfare’ line to a court, even as piles of evidence show these laws hurt far more than they can be shown to help, are inconsistently if ever actually applied, and are ignored by courts and convicts alike for various reasons and offenses until the crime gets egregious enough it can no longer be.

The recent decisions looking to restore marijuana users firearm rights and not violate the rights of someone accused, but not convicted, of domestic violence and issued a protective order against are examples. That second decision caused outcry, and was inflamed by eager politicians looking for gains after a mediocre midterm, but when looked at logically applies to almost nobody.

Nobody?

Nobody.

Misdemeanor DV convicts (can I still use that word for a person convicted of a crime in a court?) are prohibited people. All felons are prohibited people. What do we suppose the percentage of POs issued is against people with otherwise non-prohibitive records? What do we suppose the follow through rate by LE checking their properties are and successfully removing all weapons? How much do we suppose their ability to acquire a weapon, not legally just acquire, is impacted? How much do we suppose that, even without legal access to firearms, the ability of the person under to the PO to actually cause harm is impacted?

It isn’t? A Protection Order is just a piece of paper that makes it extra illegal to do already illegal things to someone? Neat.

So when it extra doesn’t work it is… extra bad, I guess. The violent person did the bad thing they were extra not supposed to do to one person or persons in particular and they did that. We can put them in extra jail now, sorry about your severe injury and/or death though. We wrote it down that they shouldn’t do that or go near you. Tough luck.

So back to the original question. How many POs are issued against people who are otherwise totally fine to own a firearm? That would be a number to know actually, and not merely a situation to speculate on hyperbolically. What evidence do we have to suggest that making those specific individuals give up their personal weapons is effective? How is that different and more effective than saying stay away and do not contact [individual or group]. How is it being monitored during the PO that they do not acquire a firearm or other means to harm the protectee(s) of the order?

All of these questions, which will not have satisfactory or possibly even known answers, are to generate the asking of the real question.

If this person is such a risk to this other person, and we know that, why are they free to act as they choose but with a list of no-no’s on a napkin? Any violent action they take against the person under the order was and still is illegal. Additionally, due to the order, proximity or contact outside any parameters stated in the order are arrestable acts too. What does going through the effort of confiscating ‘known’ weapons actually accomplish for the meaningful safety of the protectee when the alleged potential aggressor has nearly limitless options to cause harm if they are going to.

If they are this much of a risk. Lock. Them. Up.

“But that would violate…” Yes it would, but you apparently have enough evidence to suggest that the continued possession of a firearm is too much of a risk to the protectee to allow so lets mitigate all those risks and after evidence is presented the person goes into a custody status. Could be house arrest, not prison, but if they are that objectively great of a risk they should not be free to act. If you don’t have that evidence we cannot act against someone in so half baked a way, it is a violation of several of their civil rights when it comes to criminal proceedings and their own defense. Period. End of debate. We either trust them enough to abide by the order of their own volition or we do not based upon evidence and they should be in some manner of custody because of that.

The Next Laws to Fall?

If the fear being projected out of the California is any indication, the belief there is that both the magazine and assault weapon bans are going to be given their just rewards as unconstitutional. All thanks be unto Judge Benítez, the pearly clutching is actually satisfying to watch now since they long ago abandoned reason.

Weapon prohibitions, especially partial ones so convoluted as to be made easily circumventable, are just political drivel anyway. They are written, passed, and pushed only to advance the political image of the politicians who write and support them. They do not increase safety. They are, at best, a thought and a prayer that a bad thing will not happen after the rule gets passed. Which, if you follow the logic chain, is as effective as just hoping a bad thing doesn’t happen.

“I Used to Be an Adventurer Like You”

Jack and I talk with Ian and Ike of Big Tex Ordnance about SHOT Show, marketing, fighting people in their underwear in the middle of the night. It was a good time on the Big Tex Ordnance podcast going through the modern challenges of digitally communicating in this space.

So that’s fun.

Beretta 80X Cheetah

Beretta Cheetah 80X

One of the more interesting group of handguns in the Beretta booth at this past SHOT Show that took place a few weeks ago are the new re-vamped and re-designed Beretta 80X Cheetah models.

The Beretta Cheetah or “80 Series” are classic compact, straight blowback hammer-fired .380 Auto pistols dating back to 1976. All members of the Cheetah line are descendants of the “70 Series” family of sub-caliber pistols, which in turn are descended from the Beretta M1934/1935 lineage. Like the “70 Series” before them, Beretta Cheetahs were offered and chambered in all of the classic handgun “sub” calibers like .380 Auto (Models 83, 84, 85m and 86), .32 Auto (Models 81 and 82) and even .22 LR (Models 87 and 89). The Cheetah family has several sub-variants: some pistols take single-stack magazines while other use double-stack magazines. And different generations are either B, BB, F, FS (no different than how Smith & Wesson “dashes” their revolvers). 80 Series pistols were manufactured from 1976-2017.

During the recent 2023 SHOT Show, Beretta revived this product line by adding the latest members of the 80 Series family, the new Cheetah 80X pistols. Currently, these can be had in all-black or with a two-tone bronze anodized frame and black slide. 80X pistols still work off of the original blowback design and are chambered in .380 Auto with a magazine capacity of 13 rounds. They can be carried cocked-and-lock or shot like TDA pistols. Their frames have been redesigned and re-contoured, and these new frame take after the same lines seen on the modern 92X series Vertec frames. This time around, the dust cover is Picatinny railed for accessories. The new frame is contoured in such as way that people with smaller hands should not have any difficulties gripping it assertively. Most importantly, these new 2023 models come with optics-ready slides to making it easier to mount a slide mounted red dot sight. Overall, the latest members of the Cheetah family are optimized for carry, especially with their compact form-factor.

Non-Events as Training Opportunities

Plenty of contributors and content creators on the “Gunterweb” will take news stories and use them as teachable moments. I think that’s a great idea. Otto von Bismarck famously said “Only a fool learns from his own mistakes. The wise man learns from the mistakes of others.” Before I was ever aware of that quote, I was fond of saying “I’d rather learn from people who learned the hard way”. These are easy to draw lessons from because there’s generally a clear outcome, either positive or negative. 

What I personally find a little more interesting, albeit less dramatic, is dissecting and Monday morning quarterbacking what I call “Non-Events”. These are situations that are seemingly benign, but could have the potential of degrading into something serious if not handled properly. Going through my social media posts, it looks like I average one of these “Non-Events” every year, so I decided to share them, in the hopes that it will encourage others to analyze their habits and how they conduct themselves.

Non Event Jan 2019:

On my way home from work today I stopped to put air in my tires. As I pulled into the air station, I noticed a dude on the corner of the sidewalk. Initially it looked like he’d just left Buc-ee’s and was waiting to cross the street. Except that, after I’d pulled through, dude was still just hanging at the corner. It’s 40° in Houston right now. Nobody’s voluntarily spending more time in that shit than absolutely necessary. (Red Flag number 1)

Here’s where things get interesting: An occupied Pearland Police cruiser was parked almost right next to me, so I figured that would be my scarecrow… Nope!

As soon as I kneel down to put air in my tires, my man starts paying attention to me. As I move to my next tire, my new friend CROSSES IN FRONT OF THE HOOD OF THE COP CAR, and is now positioned between my car and Mr. Popo. (Red Flag #2)

I have my OC palmed already because I’m wearing one of my favorite pairs of shoes and a watch that would be a bitch to get fixed, so you bet your sweet ass I was fixing to hose this fella down if MUC1 didn’t work.

Nothing happened. But it could have easily gone the other way.

Non Event August 2018:

We’re leaving the grocery store, and I see two dudes in line at the Western Union counter “admiring” my wife. It wasn’t a fully predatory look, but every male on the planet recognizes that look as one of less than innocent thoughts.

On any other day I would have just dismissed it, but I had just finished listening to John Johnston ‘s interview with Tim Chandler discussing the Petit family home invasion murders.

I made very direct eye contact with these two, and made damn sure the message received was “I see you motherfucker” Not because of some ego driven notion of defending my wife’s honor, but making sure it was clear that if there was ill intent, they should move on to a softer target.

Some people will call this paranoia, but they are mistaken. I don’t think anyone’s coming to get me. I do however recognize cues of potentially predatory behavior, and know at least loosely how to avoid fitting the template of “the victim”

Did I overestimate the situation? Probably. Did it cost me anything? Not in the slightest. The thing is, I’ll never know if I read the situation correctly or not until it’s too late.

Dr. William Aprill says in his class “weird is enough”

Non Event 2016/2017:

I was gassing up at the local stop & rob in the late morning (around 10-11 AM) before going into work. All I remember specifically is that a truck pulled up to the pumps opposite the gas tank (I could see the gas cap, so they weren’t there to fuel up), and that one of the 2 dudes in the cab had a tallboy in a paper sack. They attempted to engage me verbally, but I politely but abruptly gave them a “I’m good man! Have a good day!”, got in my car and drove off. I decided to remove myself from the situation because Unusual Behavior + Day Drinking = no possible positive outcome for me.

It very well may have been nothing, but I preferred to not stick around and find out. 

Non Event November 2015

So I just had another “non-event” that I figured was worth documenting. Nothing happened, but it definitely is one of those scenarios that most people shrug off, but have the potential to change everything:

Scenario: I was walking my dog around the track behind our house. During my 2nd lap, I noticed a guy walking down the street, and crossed into the area of the park. He was alone. He didn’t have a dog to walk, and he didn’t start walking around the track. I thought he was maybe going to sit down at the bench, but he continued towards the picnic tables.

The initial alert was that this appeared to be an able-bodied man of working age. Now, I’m gainfully employed and was at that park at noon on a weekday, so that in and of itself wasn’t a major alarm bell, but it does deviate from the norm enough to warrant attention.

It was what he did next that elevated my alert level: He appeared to be picking up or looking for cigarette butts around the benches and tables. This isn’t normal behavior. He then started arguing with himself, pretty aggressively. As soon as I heard that, I turned down the street instead of continuing to walk the track.

Seemingly innocent, but these are also the types of situations that end up as headlines and lead stories on the evening news. Previously, I may have just tried to avoid him, but continue on my way. But after reading The Gift of Fear, as well as works by Rory Miller, Greg Ellifritz, and George F Matheis Jr, I had the good sense to “un-ass the area”. I was able to enjoy a leisurely stroll with my pup instead of having an unscheduled date with a cop or EMT.

While you’re out and about, keep your head up. Pay attention to who’s paying attention to you. Did you get home safe because of what you actively did, or were you just not the slowest gazelle today?